Gambia And Rising Cases Of Diabetes

    

Diabetes is a fast growing public health concern in The Gambia, with higher rates observed in women (7.0%–9.4%), urban residents, and those with higher BMI. 

As The Gambia continues to strengthen its public health system, diabetes has been emerging as a growing concern for healthcare providers and families alike. The disease, once less prominent in national discussions, is now claiming more attention due to its steady rise across both urban and rural communities.

“Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar,” explained Sainabou Barra Cham, Program Officer at the Non-Communicable Diseases Control Unit under the Ministry of Health. “What happened is that there is an organ in the body called the pancreas, this pancreas produces a hormone called the insulin and when the pancreas is not producing enough of insulin or is not producing insulin at all, it results in diabetes.”

She said testing for diabetes is a simple process. “To test diabetes is very simple as it is done by extracting blood and testing it to know whether someone has diabetes,” she said, adding that there are three main types: type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.

“Type one diabetes is mostly seen in young people and in this case the affected individual’s pancreas does not produce insulin at all. The type two diabetes mostly affects adults and in this case the pancreas produce insulin but very minimal. There is also what we called gestational diabetes, this type of diabetes mostly affects women during pregnancy but ones they are delivered, it disappears,” she explained.

In recent years, diabetes has become more visible in the country’s public health landscape. According to the International Diabetes Federation, an estimated 5.5 percent of adults in The Gambia were living with diabetes in 2024—approximately 54,000 people. The World Bank puts the figure at 1.9 percent among adults aged 20 to 79. Experts link the increase to a variety of factors, including aging, obesity—especially among women—and changes in lifestyle.

“Diabetes is primarily caused by the body’s inability to produce enough insulin or effectively use the insulin it produces,” Cham said. “This results in high blood sugar levels. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks its insulin-producing cells. Type 2 diabetes, the most common form, is often linked to lifestyle factors like obesity, physical inactivity, and genetics.”

Cham addressed some common misconceptions. “While it’s a common misconception, eating too much refined sugar doesn’t directly cause diabetes, though it can contribute to weight gain, a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition unrelated to diet, while type 2 diabetes develops due to a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors, including weight and diet,” she said.

She encouraged simple, consistent lifestyle changes to reduce risk. “Excess weight, especially around the waist, can increase insulin resistance, a key factor in type 2 diabetes. Losing even a small amount of weight (e.g., 5-7%) can significantly improve your body’s ability to regulate blood sugar. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week. This could include brisk walking, cycling, swimming, or other activities you enjoy. Exercise helps your body use insulin more effectively and can help with weight management. Smoking increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and other health problems. Quitting smoking is crucial for overall health and can improve your body’s ability to manage blood sugar,” she said.

Alongside conventional health advice, some Gambians continue to seek out traditional methods of treatment. Omar Sambou, a herbalist based in Serrekunda Market, shares his own experiences.

“I have attended to many people and they told me that they were diabetic but after taking my herbs they were cured. It may not be in all cases but in many cases the individuals get cured,” he said.

He believes in the power of traditional remedies. “Conventional medicines are from herbs so it is very rhetorical for someone to say herbs don’t cure diabetes,” Sambou said. “Diabetes is curable.”

Others, like Sally Hydara, a 70-year-old woman from Manjai Kunda, holds a different view. She believes age plays a significant role in the development of the condition.

“When I was young I was told that diabetes is caused by consuming too much sugar. I know people who consumed a lot of sugar but they are still ok but here I am diabetic,” she said.

Despite her interest in herbal medicine, she takes a more measured approach. “I drink both herbs and convention medicines, I am a leaving witness. I can confirmed to you that diabetes is manageable is not an instant killer diseases but is incurable,” she said. “Diabetes is incurable instead it can be managed or controlled if you continue to take your medication as prescribed.”

Medical studies support the importance of early management. Research shows that those diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at a younger age are more likely to experience complications later in life, though with proper care, many can live full and healthy lives.

The consequences of unmanaged diabetes can be serious. In some cases, it can lead to nerve and blood vessel damage, particularly in the feet and legs, which increases the risk of slow-healing wounds and infections. If complications progress, amputation may become necessary to protect the patient’s overall health.

A study conducted in 2022 revealed that many Gambians have limited knowledge about diabetes and its symptoms. This has prompted health experts to call for more community education and outreach. On World Diabetes Day, local campaigns emphasized the importance of healthy eating, exercise, and the use of local foods to manage and prevent the disease.

Simple changes such as eating smaller portions, choosing foods with less fat, drinking water instead of sweetened beverages, and avoiding shopping for food while hungry can all contribute to better health outcomes.

  

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Symptoms Of Heart Attack And Heartburn: What's The Difference?

Because of the similarities they share, people are often confused as to whether what they are going through is a heart attack or a mere case of heartburn. Suddenly, there is a gripping and painful sensation on the chest region and it feels like one would collapse at any moment. The experience comes with a certain amount of panic for those suffering from high blood pressure and heart disease, which are the major causes of heart attack. But before we look deeper into the similarities and differences between the symptoms of heart disease and heartburn, let’s take a little peep into the prevalence of high blood pressure and heart disease in Africa.

The Prevalence Of High Blood Pressure In Africa

High blood pressure (hypertension) and cardiovascular disease are major, rapidly growing health crises in Africa, with the continent experiencing the world's

highest prevalence of hypertension at roughly 46% of adults aged 25+. Cardiovascular diseases are the second leading cause of death, with over 1.6 million

deaths annually. Estimates generally range between 20–46% of the adult population, with some studies showing up to 50% in certain populations (e.g., South Africa). Urban areas report higher prevalence (approximately . 32.9%) compared to rural areas (26.3%), largely driven by lifestyle changes. Roughly 48% of women and 34% of men in Africa are affected by hypertension, with the disease shifting to younger populations in recent times.

What Is Heart Attack?

A heart attack (myocardial infarction) is a life-threatening medical emergency occurring when blood flow—carrying essential oxygen—is suddenly blocked to a part of the heart muscle, usually by a clot in a narrowed coronary artery. Without immediate treatment to restore flow, this causes the muscle tissue to begin to die. Common symptoms include chest pain or discomfort (squeezing, pressure), shortness of breath, nausea, sweating, and pain in the arm, neck, or jaw. 

Heart attacks are primarily caused by high blood pressure or heart disease. Heart disease describes a variety of issues that can affect your heart. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type. CAD, also known as coronary heart disease, can make your arteries narrow and lead to a heart attack. Heart disease can also affect your heart muscle, valves or electrical system. The symptoms you have and the treatments you get depend on the type of heart disease you have.

When your heart isn’t working well, it has trouble sending enough blood, oxygen and nutrients to your body. In a way, your heart delivers the fuel that keeps your body running. If your heart can’t deliver that fuel, it affects everything your body’s systems do.

Lifestyle changes and consumption of natural foods like nuts, fruits and vegetables can keep your heart healthy and lower your chances of getting heart disease.

What Is Heartburn?

Heartburn is a painful, burning sensation in the chest behind the breastbone, often accompanied by a bitter taste in the throat, caused by stomach acid flowing back up into the esophagus (acid reflux). It is typically triggered by eating, lying down, or bending over. While common, frequent, or severe symptoms may indicate a more serious condition like GERD. 

There is usually a burning pain on the chest (often after eating or at night), a sour or acidic taste, and sometimes difficulty swallowing or a hoarse voice.

Heartburn is often caused by a weakened lower esophageal sphincter allowing acid to rise

. Common triggers include eating large meals, fatty/fried foods, caffeine, chocolate, citrus, tomato sauce, mint, alcohol, and smoking

Similarities And Differences Between Heart Disease And Heartburn

Heartburn and heart disease (including heart attacks) both cause chest discomfort, making them difficult to distinguish. Heartburn feels like a burning sensation behind the breastbone, often after eating or lying down. Heart disease/attack, however, typically feels like pressure, squeezing, tightness, or pain that may spread to the arms, neck, or jaw. 

The similarities between these two health conditions include: both can cause pain in the chest area; both are often felt behind the breastbone even though heartburn sometimes is felt more in the middle of the chest than on the breastbones; both can be accompanied by nausea or dizziness. 

The differences are as follow: heartburn is a sharp, burning sensation while  heart attack is pressure, tightness, squeezing, or heaviness; heartburn often occurs after eating, or when lying down/bending over while  heart attack pain often occurs during physical exertion or stress; heartburn may cause a sour or bitter taste in the mouth while  heart attack may cause shortness of breath, cold sweats, or pain radiating to the jaw, neck, back, or left arm.

  

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WHO Calls On Liberian Government To Take Decisive Action On Neglected Tropical Diseases

The World Health Organization (WHO) has renewed its call on the government of Liberia to scale up action against Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), warning that without sustained investment and stronger domestic leadership, the diseases will continue to exact a heavy toll on the country’s poorest and most marginalized communities.

The call was made by WHO Resident Representative to Liberia, Dr. Olushayo Olu, during his keynote address at the observance of World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day, organized by the Ministry of Health in Monrovia. The event was held under the global theme “Unite, Act and Eliminate.”

According to the Liberian Observer, neglected Tropical Diseases—such as lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis (river blindness), schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminths, and leprosy—have long posed a serious public health and socio-economic challenge in Liberia and across West Africa. These diseases thrive in conditions of poverty, poor sanitation, limited access to clean water, and weak health systems, disproportionately affecting rural populations.

The paper noted that inn Liberia, NTDs have contributed to chronic illness, disability, stigma, lost productivity, and entrenched poverty, particularly in hard-to-reach counties. Health experts note that while these diseases rarely dominate headlines, their cumulative impact has undermined livelihoods, reduced school attendance among children, and strained fragile healthcare services.

Across West Africa, the burden of NTDs has similarly slowed development, reinforcing cycles of poverty in communities already grappling with the effects of conflict, climate shocks, and underinvestment in health infrastructure.

Despite the challenges, Liberia has made notable progress. Dr. Olu commended the country for what he described as a global milestone—becoming the first country in the world to develop a five-year strategic plan dedicated specifically to combating NTDs among vulnerable populations.

“This is a major step forward and a clear demonstration of Liberia’s commitment to addressing diseases that continue to affect the poorest and most marginalized,” Dr. Olu said.

The plan provides a coordinated framework for prevention, treatment, surveillance, and community engagement, aligning national efforts with global elimination targets. The country’s progress has also been supported by years of mass drug administration campaigns, improved disease mapping, and partnerships with international donors and non-governmental organizations.

Dr. Olu reaffirmed WHO’s continued technical and financial support to the Ministry of Health, including assistance with the supply and distribution of medicines targeting endemic counties.

“We will continue to provide medicines and support efforts to reach at least two million people in epidemic-prone counties,” he said.

However, he cautioned that external support alone will not be sufficient to eliminate NTDs.

“There is a need to scale up domestic resource mobilization to sustain prevention and control efforts and further reduce the spread of neglected tropical diseases,” Dr. Olu emphasized.

Health experts say this call reflects a broader shift in global health policy—urging countries to move from donor-dependence toward national ownership and long-term financing of disease control programs.

Speaking on behalf of the Minister of Health, Assistant Minister for Preventive Services, Dr. Cuallau Howe, reaffirmed the government’s determination to minimize and ultimately eliminate NTDs nationwide.

“The Government remains fully committed to strengthening prevention, treatment, and surveillance programs, especially in hard-to-reach communities,” Dr. Howe said.

He praised development partners for their sustained contributions, describing them as essential to Liberia’s progress so far.

“The support of our partners has been instrumental in reducing the burden of these diseases, and we remain grateful for their continued cooperation,” he added.

If Liberia heeds WHO’s call for intensified action, public health experts say the benefits could be transformative. Strengthened domestic financing, expanded community outreach, and improved surveillance could accelerate the elimination of several NTDs, reduce long-term healthcare costs, and improve productivity in rural areas.

Eliminating NTDs would also contribute directly to poverty reduction, improved educational outcomes for children, and progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly those related to health, equality, and economic growth.

Conversely, failure to sustain momentum could risk resurgence, especially in remote communities where access to health services remains limited.

The World NTD Day program brought together officials from the Ministry of Health, representatives of international non-governmental organizations, students, and members of the Network of People Affected by Neglected Tropical Diseases, highlighting the importance of community voices in shaping effective responses.

Observed annually, World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day serves as a reminder that diseases affecting the poorest must no longer remain invisible.

As Dr. Olu’s call underscores, the fight against NTDs in Liberia is no longer only about treatment—it is about equity, resilience, and national development. With sustained political will, domestic investment, and continued partnership, Liberia has an opportunity not only to control these diseases, but to eliminate them as a barrier to human dignity and progress.

  

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South African Sanitary Pads And Pantyliners Contain Hormone-disrupting Chemicals - New Study

A new research from the University of the Free State (UFS) has revealed  that menstrual products used by millions of South Africans contain hormone-disrupting chemicals, even when marketed as “free from harmful chemicals”.

The study, published in Science of the Total Environment, found that every sanitary pad and pantyliner tested contained at least two endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), raising serious questions about consumer safety, chemical disclosure and long-term health risks.

Researchers analysed 16 brands of sanitary pads and eight types of pantyliners sold at popular South African retailers, spanning a range of prices and including products marketed as “organic”, “plant-based” or “free from harmful chemicals”. The findings showed widespread contamination across all the tested products. 

The authors screened for three major classes of EDCs — phthalates, bisphenols (including bisphenol A, or BPA) and parabens. Every pad and liner contained at least two of the target chemicals. 

“EDCs, such as phthalates, bisphenols and parabens, are widely used in consumer products and have been associated with reproductive toxicity, hormonal imbalance and cancer,” the study noted.

“Menstrual products represent a potential but under-recognised source of exposure. In South Africa, several brands advertise as being free from harmful chemicals, yet limited research has verified these as potential EDC sources.”

The study highlighted a concerning reality regarding the safety of menstrual products, head of the university’s department of chemistry Deon Visser said. “Many sanitary pads and liners contain hormone-disrupting chemicals, even when they are marketed as being ‘free from harmful chemicals’.”

Bisphenols were detected in 100% of sanitary pads and 75% of pantyliners, while parabens were found in more than 81% of pads and 75% of liners. Phthalates, commonly used as plasticisers, were present in all pantyliners tested and in half of sanitary pads.

The researchers emphasised that the chemicals were not necessarily added intentionally. Instead, they could migrate into products during manufacturing from plastics, adhesives, packaging materials and even contaminated water used in production.

“The heat-pressing process can cause these chemicals to move into the top layer that touches your skin,” Visser said.

While the amounts detected in individual products might appear small, the study warns that the real concern lies in cumulative exposure over time.

Menstrual products are worn directly against highly permeable genital and mucosal tissue, which absorbs chemicals more readily than the skin on other parts of the body. Most users rely on pads and liners for several days every month over decades.

The results reveal that menstrual products such as sanitary pads and liners in South Africa are a “significant but overlooked source of toxic exposure”. Although daily doses might seem low, the long-term, repeated contact with sensitive tissues poses cumulative health risks, including reproductive toxicity and cancer.

EDCs, such as phthalates, bisphenols and parabens, are known female endocrine disruptors because they can mimic or interfere with natural hormones in the body. BPA, in particular, has a chemical structure similar to oestrogen, allowing it to bind to oestrogen receptors. Because oestrogen drives the growth of some breast cancers, this raises concern about long-term risk.

Heightened phthalate exposures have also been linked to fertility issues among men and women, premature puberty onset, endometriosis and ovulation disorders. Cases of contact dermatitis, thyroid hormone disruption, elevated sex steroid hormone levels and the induction of reactive oxygen species in the body have been reported too. 

“These issues, its transplacental transfer ability, its bio-cumulative nature and the serious damage chronic poisoning can cause to the reproductive system and the liver have raised concerns about its safety, especially in PCPs … There is increasing evidence that dermal contact is a relevant route of exposure,” the study said.

Using standard exposure calculations, the researchers found that daily exposure to BPA from pads and liners exceeded the European Food Safety Authority’s tolerable daily intake by dozens of times. When higher absorption rates — more realistic for vulvar skin — were considered, exposure levels increased dramatically.

“Although individual daily doses may look low, the group and cumulative exposure becomes significant,” the authors note, particularly given that menstrual products are only one of many daily sources of EDC exposure, alongside food, cosmetics, dust and water.

The findings highlight gaps in the country’s regulatory framework. While the South African Bureau of Standards sets requirements for aspects such as absorbency, size and microbiological safety, there are no standards governing chemical content in menstrual products.

“Manufacturers are not required to disclose the full chemical composition of menstrual products,” Visser said. “We believe they should disclose all chemicals, even if levels fall below daily limits.”

Globally, only a handful of regulators provide guidance on chemicals permitted in sanitary products, including the Food and Drug Administration in the US and Japan’s Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. In South Africa, the only BPA-specific regulation applies to baby feeding bottles, not menstrual products.

The researchers warn that environmental contamination and weak regulation might continue to shape the chemical profiles of pads and liners sold locally. The study cautions that insufficient regulation and safety oversight of menstrual products compounds period poverty and increases the risk of harmful exposure among marginalised groups.

Disposable pads and liners are also mass-produced and widely discarded, where they can leach chemicals into soil and water systems, creating additional exposure pathways through food, drinking water and dust.

Unlike food or cosmetics, the chemical composition of menstrual products is rarely communicated to users, leaving little opportunity for informed choice.

While calling for stronger regulation, clearer labelling and routine monitoring of menstrual products, the researchers also offer practical advice. Visser recommends choosing products certified under the OEKO-TEX Standard 100, which restricts hazardous substances, or considering reusable menstrual products.

The research forms part of a broader UFS initiative on menstrual health and access. The interdisciplinary team is developing a reusable sanitary pad with antimicrobial properties.

“This study serves as a wake-up call,” Visser said. “Current regulations and ‘clean’ labels in South Africa may not be providing the protection consumers expect.”

The authors said further research was urgently needed to better understand long-term, low-dose exposure through menstrual products and to inform evidence-based policies that protect consumer health.

  

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Why Is The Population Of Mosquitoes Exploding In Nairobi, Kenya?

It’s now a fact that the population of mosquitoes in Nairobi, the iconic capital city of Kenya, is exploding at an alarming rate.

According to Hellen Shikanda, a health correspondent with the Daily Nation of Kenya, “You may have noticed more mosquitoes lately. They are not the shy type. They do not care about you trying to swat them. They perch on one part of your body, get hit and simply move to the next. Their bites leave you scratching for a long time. Their buzzing is irritating even during the day”.

Why The Upsurge?

But the big question is: what is behind the sudden rise in the mosquitoes population in Nairobi. Some analysts say it’s due to the rapid urbanization which the city has been going through in recent times, while others believe the Gates Foundation has biologically engineered the ugly development, a claim the foundation has vehemently refuted.

African cities have been witnessing rapid urbanisation, with urban populations growing at an average rate of 3.44% annually, according to the UN World Cities Report 2022. Nairobi is not an exception, experiencing exponential growth from 290,000 residents in 1960 to an estimated of 5 million in 2023. Over 60% of Nairobi’s population resides in informal settlements, a substantial increase from 33% four decades ago.

The challenges faced by Nairobi’s informal settlements are multifaceted. They include water, sanitation, and hygiene, environmental concerns, health and a host of others.

Many believe the reason there is an upsurge in the population of mosquitoes in Kenya, particularly in Nairobi, is due to a combination of unusually warm temperatures, erratic rainfall, and rapid, unplanned urbanization. These conditions accelerate breeding cycles and create ample stagnant water for larvae, with some species developing from egg to adult in just seven days. 

Climate Change & Heat are a big factor in this regard. Warmer temperatures shorten the mosquito life cycle and increase survival rates, enabling faster reproduction. Stagnant Water & poor Sanitation also play a major role in the rapid increase in the population of mosquitoes in Nairobi. Poor drainage systems, uncollected waste, and blocked sewer lines create, ideal breeding sites.

Again, as earlier mentioned, rapid development and building projects in the city often leave behind stagnant water in containers and foundations, creating, artificial breeding grounds.

Urbanization is not only about building constructions; it is also about population. Increased human density provides more opportunities for mosquitoes, particularly the Culex species, to breed in residential areas. 

Bill Gates And The Upsurge Of Mosquitoes In Nairobi

Amidst all this comes the allegation that Bill Gates is behind the sudden spike in mosquitoes in Kenya. The social media was recently awash with claims that he is funding a biological engineering of mosquitoes in the country for the purpose of research. The claims, led by politician Paul Muite on X, suggested genetically modified mosquitoes were being released to target malaria, but instead were biting children and the elderly. However, the Gates Foundation has come out to dispel these rumours.

In a statement, the foundation said it doesn't release mosquitoes, insisting it doesn’t run labs that do. It stressed that all their work in Kenya follows national laws and local oversight.

Their role, they say, is to support Kenyan-led health priorities, working alongside the government, researchers, and public health partners, not dictate policy or bypass local authorities.

While the social media posts sparked a lot of concern, malaria prevention in Kenya has remained firmly in the hands of the National Malaria Control Programme, which handles insecticidal nets and indoor spraying.

“The Gates Foundation does fund research into innovative tools, like the World Mosquito Program and Target Malaria, but all operations in Kenya are handled by local experts under strict regulation,” the statement read.

With malaria still a major public health challenge, the foundation says it’s crucial for people to separate fact from fiction, and keep the focus on effective, locally-led prevention efforts.

What Experts Have To Say Concerning The Upsurge

Dr Eric Ochomo, an entomologist at the Kenya Medical Research Institute (Kemri), says they have noticed an alarming increase in the population of mosquitoes in Nairobi. Kemri scientists run active surveillance on 60 sites across the country. Dr Ochomo explains that there are currently two kinds of mosquitoes spreading in Nairobi. These, he says, are the Aedes and the Culex. The Aedes mosquitoes appear mostly in the daytime ; they are bigger in size and are black and white and therefore easy to notice from a distance. Their bites are quite painful, and even after biting, they do not fly far away. “They are lazy mosquitoes and can be quite stubborn,” he says.

According to him, the Aedes breed very rapidly in open water tanks, old tyres, shallow containers and open sewers. The Culex mosquitoes, on the other hand, are loud and come out mostly at night. They are also easy to notice because of their large size.

Dr Ochomo also revealed that the Anopheles mosquitoes, which is the species that transmit malaria parasites, have not yet been recorded as one of those whose population is currently rising in Nairobi.

Nairobi Not A Malaria Prone Zone

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Nairobi is generally classified as a low-risk or malaria-free zone, with a very low, stable incidence rate (<1% parasite prevalence) due to its high altitude,

though it remains a common diagnosis in local clinics, accounting for 11% of pediatric cases. While cases nationwide have risen (27% in 2025),, urban areas

like Nairobi do not experience the high-rate, rapid increases seen in rural Kenya.

But even with these subtle assurances, experts believe the sudden upsurge in the population of mosquitoes in the city is something to worry about. If the prevailing conditions in Nairobi encourage the spread of the Aedes and Culex, these same conditions can also trigger the rise of Anopheles, they argue.

Poor Sanitation As A Major Driver

Dr Ochomo says the main driver of mosquitoes increase in Nairobi is poor sanitation. “When you don’t drain water and it is warm, mosquitoes find a breeding ground. Mosquito matures from larva to adult within just seven days. Mosquitoes lay large numbers of eggs, up to 500 at a time. If the temperature is warm, the breeding is further accelerated. Imagine if all those eggs become adults; they will be everywhere,” he says.

He says counties need to grasp the situation and tackle the sanitation problem squarely because climate change is already happening. In Nairobi, a number of high-rise buildings are going up to meet the housing demands of people moving from rural areas to urban centres. On many construction sites, temporary soak pits are used and Dr Ochomo explains that as long as that water is there and is stagnant, it will be a very good breeding site for mosquitoes.

Conclusion

Experts say stopping the increase of mosquitoes in Nairobi requires a combination of community-level environmental management and individual protection measures, particularly because warmer temperatures and increased rains from climate change are accelerating breeding. The focus should be on destroying breeding sites and preventing

entry into homes.

And what is true of Nairobi is equally true of most rapidly urbanizing African cities like  Lagos, Nigeria; Kinshasa, DRC; Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Luanda, Angola  Bujumbura, Burundi; , Zinder, Niger; , Kampala, Uganda; , Kabinda, Congo; , Mbouda, Cameroon; Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Abuja, Nigeria and many others.

  

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Aloe Vera And The Fight Against Malaria In Africa: The Discovery Of A New Study

The prevalence of malaria in Africa continues to be a cause for concern. Despite the various interventions by health authorities, the continent bears a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden, accounting for approximately 95% of all cases . most of the fatalities from malaria occurs in children under five. Nigeria alone accounts for over 25-30% of the global burden. While significant progress has been made since 2000,, malaria remains a major public health challenge, with about 1.3 billion people at risk. 

Most people are now looking in the direction of natural solution as the hope of a lasting solution to the problem of malaria.  In a recent study, researchers discovered that Aloe vera compounds called anthraquinones sharply reduced malaria parasite levels, especially at low doses.

When combined with amodiaquine, a common malarial drug, the treatment worked even better, in some cases completely clearing the infection.

Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis miller) is a succulent, cactus-like plant known for its thick, fleshy leaves containing a clear, medicinal gel. Used for thousands of years in traditional medicine for its soothing, moisturizing, and anti-inflammatory properties; it has often been used to treat skin conditions like sunburns, wounds, and acne. Aloe vera has long been used in traditional medicine across Africa and the Middle East. In Yemen, Aloe juice is commonly mixed with other ingredients to treat malaria-like symptoms, while in Nigeria it is frequently used by herbal practitioners to manage fevers.

The researchers had focused on anthraquinones, naturally occurring compounds found in Aloe vera, and tested their effectiveness against Plasmodium berghei, a malaria-causing parasite, using infected laboratory mice.

The study, in Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, included Abdulazeez A. Abubakar, Temidayo D. Adeniyi, Shukura Salau, Jacob O. Arawande and Akinpelu Moronkeji from the University of Medical Sciences, Ondo as well as Oluwagbenga Aina at the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba.

In laboratory tests, researchers used laboratory mice infected with malaria. They gave some mice Aloe vera extract; some standard malaria medicine and another group received a combination of Aloe vera and malaria medicine.

Each day, they checked the blood of the mice to see how many malaria parasites were still there and whether the number was going up or down.

They discovered that Aloe vera compounds called anthraquinones significantly reduced malaria parasite levels in infected mice, especially at low doses.

Among the different extracts tested, the methanolic fraction proved most effective, achieving the lowest parasite density at a dose of 200 microgrammes per kilogramme, with parasite levels dropping to 0.53 parasites per microlitre of blood.

Other extracts made with ethyl acetate and n-hexane also showed parasite suppression, though to a lesser extent. Overall, the extracts demonstrated strong suppressive, preventive, and curative effects, meeting established benchmarks for antimalarial activity.

In addition, the study reported that when combined with the antimalarial drug amodiaquine, the treatment worked even better, in some cases completely clearing the infection.

At a dose of 200 microgrammes per kilogramme of anthraquinones combined with 40 milligrammes per kilogramme of amodiaquine recorded the highest parasite suppression.

While higher anthraquinone doses produced lower suppression rates in short-term tests, they showed strong curative effects over longer treatment periods, with complete parasite clearance observed by day six at the highest dose tested.

In addition, the study recorded no deaths or obvious toxicity in mice at the doses tested, suggesting a favourable safety profile at the experimental level.

Though the mechanisms of action are not yet fully established, they suggested that the combination might have inhibited various stages of the parasite’s growth and reproduction, altered the permeability and integrity of parasite membranes and ultimately led to the death of the parasite.

“Anthraquinones, a component of the combination, may modulate the host’s immune response, thereby enhancing the host’s natural defences against malaria,” they declared.

The researchers suggested therefore that Aloe vera derived compounds may enhance the effectiveness of existing antimalarial drugs, a strategy increasingly encouraged by the World Health Organisation to slow the development of drug resistance.

“If the potential of the compound is properly harnessed, the severity and number of malaria cases will be reduced, ultimately leading to a reduction in morbidity and mortality rates,” they said.

However, researchers said that the findings are based on animal models and as such human studies are essential before any clinical recommendations can be made.

They also called for further research into how the compounds work; including understanding how it works with malaria medicines, correct dosing, and potential long-term effects.

Apart from Aloe vera, several plants that can boost the effectiveness of malaria medicines like artemisinin have been identified.

In the 2022 edition of the South African Journal of Botany study, scientists found Stemonocoleus micranthus stem in combination with artemisinin enhanced the antimalarial potency of the two drugs involved, compared to when used as individual drugs.

Stemonocoleus micranthus is known as “nre” in the South-east of Nigeria. Its stem bark decoction is most widely used traditionally as a remedy for various diseases such as malaria and boil.

Also, in another study, researchers found the combination of Securidaca longipedunculata with Artemether and Lumefantrine a more potent antimalarial treatment in combating resistance.

Securidaca longipedunculata, commonly called Violet tree, “uwar maganigunar” in Hausa, “Ipeta” in Yoruba and “ezeogwu” in Ibo has been used as a remedy for various disease conditions in traditional medicine.

Previously, scientists found stem bark of Khaya grandifoliola, bitter leaf, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (paran pupa in Yoruba), mangosteen rind, Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Asofeyeje in Yoruba) and Moringa oleifera (Ewe Igbale or drumstick tree) leaf extracts as partner drugs of artemisinin for treating malaria. Their combination with artemisinin had a very strong antimalarial effect and as such a low dose of artesunate will be required in treating malaria.

 

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Herbal Remedy For HIV: South African Scientists Look Closer At The Efficacy Of Product Nkabinde

Researchers in South Africa have taken an important step toward explaining how a traditional herbal remedy long used in some communities may help in the fight against HIV, a disease that continues to affect millions across Sub-Saharan Africa.

In a new study published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, scientists reported that Product Nkabinde (PN), a polyherbal formulation used by traditional healers, contains compounds that may act on key biological pathways involved in HIV infection and immune regulation.

These researchers included Samuel Chima Ugbaja, Mlungisi Ngcobo, Siphathimandla Authority Nkabinde, Magugu Nkabinde and Nceba Gqaleni, from the University of KwaZulu-Natal and the African Health Research Institute in South Africa.

HIV/AIDS remains one of the world’s most persistent public health challenges, with Sub-Saharan Africa bearing the greatest burden. Despite major advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), millions of people continue to live with HIV, and gaps in access to healthcare, funding uncertainties, and rising infection rates threaten recent gains.

In many rural and underserved areas, traditional medicine plays a vital role in healthcare. An increasing number of people living with HIV use herbal remedies alongside conventional antiretroviral therapy, making it necessary to scientifically assess their safety and potential benefits.

Against this backdrop, researchers are drawing attention to the potential role of traditional medicine in supporting HIV treatment and care.  One such is Product Nkabinde (PN), a traditional polyherbal formulation made from four medicinal plants used by healers to manage HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in South Africa.

The medicinal plants combined, according to indigenous knowledge systems in South Africa, are Sclerocarya birrea (stem and leaves), Gnidia sericocephala (roots), Senna italica (roots) and Pentanisia prunelloides (roots).

PN polyherbal plants are located in different places around the world, including South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Ethiopia, the Sudano-Sahelian region of West Africa, and Madagascar.

To better understand how the remedy works, researchers analyzed 27 naturally occurring compounds found in PN. Using advanced computational techniques, researchers examined how these compounds might interact with human proteins linked to HIV infection.

The analysis identified 327 genes shared between HIV-related biological pathways and the compounds in PN, from which they highlighted 10 key “hub” genes involved in processes that are central to HIV disease progression. These are immune response, inflammation, metabolism, and cell survival.

According to the study, compounds in PN influenced immune function and viral persistence through multiple targets at once, unlike conventional drugs.

Its constituents, such as rutin, catechin, quercetin derivatives, and aloin, showed strong binding with HIV-related protein targets and so influence immune defence and HIV cell survival.

Such multi-target effects are typical of many plant-based medicines and may help explain why traditional remedies are sometimes reported to improve wellbeing in people living with HIV.

The findings help explain why traditional remedies like PN may provide perceived benefits for people living with HIV, particularly in settings where access to healthcare is limited.

The researchers stated that since PN can influence immune defence and HIV cell survival, it could potentially complement standard HIV treatment, but they cautioned against it replacing antiretroviral therapy.

They declared that plant-derived compounds with multi-target activity may be beneficial in complex diseases like HIV, but it also raises the possibility of unintended effects at high doses or with long-term use.

They emphasized the need for further research, including laboratory experiments, animal studies, toxicity assessments, and eventually human clinical trials, for proof of clinical effectiveness before PN or its components can be considered for wider medical use.

They also warned that plant compounds can have unintended effects if used at high doses or over long periods, underlining the importance of safety and dosage studies.

Researchers suggested that PN probably acts against HIV through several supportive biological mechanisms, rather than by directly “killing” the virus.

HIV weakens the immune system by attacking key immune cells. Many compounds found in PN are known to regulate immune responses, helping the body respond more effectively to infection. This immune-balancing effect may help slow disease progression.

Its constituents, especially tannins and flavonoids, have been shown in laboratory studies to block HIV from entering human cells. This does not eliminate the virus but may reduce its ability to spread within the body.

In addition, PN compounds appear to disrupt viral replication indirectly and reduce chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as prevent premature death of immune cells, so ensuring better outcomes for people living with HIV.

According to public health experts, the study is important because it closes the gap between traditional knowledge and contemporary science, particularly in regions where traditional medicine is still an important part of healthcare.

By applying rigorous scientific methods to herbal remedies, researchers aim to discover safe, effective compounds that could one day enhance current HIV medications.  

As the HIV epidemic continues to threaten health systems across Africa, studies such as this indicate the significance of exploring every possibility while keeping patient safety and scientific evidence at the forefront.

 

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Africa CDC Declares Ethiopia Marburg Free

The first-ever outbreak of Marburg in Ethiopia has been declared over, after less than three months of rapid and collaborative response efforts supported by the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC).

The end of the outbreak – which was largely confined to Ethiopia’s southern region – comes after 42 consecutive days without any new cases. Africa CDC Director-General, Dr Jean Kaseya, commended the Government of Ethiopia for its swift leadership and high level of transparency throughout the response, noting that the country’s actions demonstrated the resilience and growing strength of its health system.

He said rather than allowing the emergency to disrupt essential services, Ethiopia adopted an integrated approach that paired routine vaccination campaigns with door to door screening in affected communities. “This community centred strategy ensured early detection, maintained public confidence and preserved continuity of care,” Dr Kaseya said.

A robust laboratory system also played a central role in the response. More than 3,800 tests were conducted, leading to 14 confirmed cases, nine deaths and five recoveries. This emphasis on timely, high-quality data allowed authorities to guide decisions with precision and confidence, according to Dr Kaseya.

He said Ethiopia informed Africa CDC immediately upon confirmation of laboratory results on 14 November 2025, even before the formal outbreak declaration, describing this as “a powerful sign of trust and a strong commitment to continental health security.”

Dr Mekdes Daba, Ethiopia’s Health Minister, said the swift containment of the outbreak underscores strong national leadership, effective coordination and the dedication of frontline teams and communities, while emphasising that continued preparedness is vital to safeguard populations against future health threats.

From the start of the outbreak, Africa CDC worked closely with the Ministry of Health and the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI). The agency deployed technical experts into Ethiopia’s Incident Management System, supported the development of the national Marburg response plan, and provided essential supplies, including more than 2,000 PCR testing kits and protective equipment for frontline health workers. The organisation also strengthened Ethiopia’s surveillance, rapid-response capacity and operational research to help prevent future outbreaks.

Looking ahead, Addis Ababa will host the 5th International Conference on Public Health in Africa (CPHIA 2026), showcasing Ethiopia’s modernised Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Artificial Intelligence Centre and growing innovation ecosystem.

“Today, as we celebrate the end of this outbreak, we are not only celebrating the containment of a virus,” Dr Kaseya said. “We are celebrating Ethiopian leadership that is positioning the Ethiopian Public Health Institute as a continental centre of excellence for outbreak preparedness and response.

 

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Soaking In Warm Water Helps Reduce Pain And Stiffness From Arthritis

PAIN is among the main reasons individuals with rheumatoid arthritis seek medical care. The severe pain, which mostly occurs in the hands and/or feet, negatively affects their ability to perform daily activities because of many problems, such as fatigue, functional limitation, depression and sleep disorders.

Even as medications are available to manage the disease and symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis, there is a clear need for alternative management options that can help people cope with both the disease and the side effects of treatment.

Now, in a new study, researchers suggested that something as simple as soaking hands and feet in warm water (40–43°C), particularly warm saltwater, can significantly ease some of the most debilitating symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), offering patients a safe and affordable way to improve daily life.

In Turkey, researchers conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 54 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. They were divided into three groups: the warm saltwater bath group (18 patients), the warm water bath group (18 patients), and the control group receiving routine care only (18 patients).

Participants in the intervention groups soaked their hands and feet in warm water or warm saltwater three times a week for six weeks, typically before bedtime.

Researchers, in the study published in BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, assessed pain, fatigue, sleep quality, disease activity, and functional capacity at the start and end of the study using internationally recognized measurement tools.

They also focused on interventions that nurses could teach patients to perform independently at home.

The results showed clear benefits for patients who used warm water or warm saltwater baths. Compared with the control group, both warm water and warm saltwater baths led to significant improvements in pain, fatigue, and sleep quality.

Notably, the greatest pain relief was observed in the warm saltwater group, suggesting that the added salt content helped reduce swelling in the joints and enhanced pain relief.

While both interventions reduced fatigue, warm water baths produced the greatest improvement, including better fatigue-related quality of life, possibly because they improved circulation and promoted deep relaxation.

In addition, patients in both intervention groups reported better sleep, an important finding given the strong link between poor sleep, pain, and fatigue in RA. The warming effect on the hands and feet may have helped the body relax and fall asleep more easily.

More, only patients using warm saltwater baths showed a significant improvement in their ability to perform daily tasks such as dressing, gripping objects, and moving their hands and feet independently. This improvement may be linked to salt’s ability to reduce joint swelling and inflammation more effectively than water alone.

Basically, the primary goals of RA treatment are to achieve remission, suppress inflammation, slow joint destruction, manage pain, and maintain functional independence in daily activities.

The researchers also reported that nurses play an important role in educating patients about symptom management, indicating how nurse-led education can empower patients to perform these baths on their own to better manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Moreover, researchers in India found Epsom salt baths demonstrated significant pain reduction in the Epsom hot water group compared to plain water, along with notable enhancement in functional performance.

In the International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, the researchers had compared the effectiveness of Epsom salt with hot water versus plain water on pain and functional performance in individuals with arthritis.

In many communities, the elderly commonly use remedies like hot water bags, massages, and wet cloths with Epsom salt for knee pain. The Epsom salt, when mixed (200 mg) in hot water, is applied topically to the painful joint.

Previously, researchers also found a foot bath with warm saltwater effective in reducing pain in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy; hand massage with warm hand baths had a significant effect on sleep quality, comfort, and relaxation in older women with sleep disorders and fatigue-related quality of life in cancer patients.

In a randomized controlled trial, warm water baths before bedtime in patients with knee osteoarthritis had better results in terms of pain and functionality, including knee flexor and extensor strength and knee extensor endurance.

In the European Journal of Oncology Nursing, researchers described how a warm saltwater foot bath is a safe approach to help cope with chemotherapy-related fatigue and enhance the fatigue-related quality of life of cancer patients.

Moreover, researchers reported in the Pain Management Nursing declared aromatherapy massage effective in improving sleep quality in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The trial enrolled 102 patients with rheumatoid arthritis to investigate the effects of aromatherapy on pain and sleep quality.

Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significant improvement in the sleep quality scores in the first weeks after aromatherapy massage.

The procedure is simple and easy to perform by the patients themselves at home; thus, it could be implemented as a complementary therapy for patients with RA. However, practitioners must consider the pros and cons of aromatherapy massage and tailor the interventions to the needs of patients with RA.

Recent studies emphasize that complementary and integrative methods (CIM), such as exercise, joint protection, hand-foot care, and patient education, can help patients improve their RA-related symptom management and health outcomes.

 

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Africa CDC Launches Operational Research On Malaria In Lesotho, Namibia And Zimbabwe

An operational research on malaria has been launched in Lesotho, Namibia and Zimbabwe, all in the southern part of Africa. This initiative is supported by a US$150,000 grant from the World Bank.

According to Africa CDC, the research, which follows recurring malaria outbreaks in the southern region, will be conducted from 14 November to 12 December 2025, and aims to strengthen Member States’ efforts to control and eliminate malaria.

“The operational research aims to generate evidence-based data to enhance malaria control and elimination strategies in Southern Africa, where many live in endemic areas,” said Dr Lul Pout Riek, Director of the Southern Africa Regional Co-ordinating Centre (SA-RCC). “By tailoring interventions to local needs, the study seeks to optimise responses, improve outbreak management, and ultimately reduce morbidity and mortality across the continent.”

The study will also assess the effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability of different larvicide types and integrated vector control strategies.

“Researchers from the Africa CDC Science and Innovation Directorate, Southern RCC, national health ministries, public health institutes and academia will employ advanced analytical methods — including vector bionomics, mathematical modelling and simulation — to better understand malaria dynamics,” said Dr Mosoka Papa Fallah, Acting Director of the Science and Innovation Directorate at Africa CDC.

The research further seeks to identify bottlenecks in malaria healthcare delivery, particularly access to care during epidemic periods, to strengthen prevention and outbreak control in Lesotho, Namibia and Zimbabwe.

Three Member States were selected based on researchable areas offering scalable solutions and the existence of in-country research protocols aligned with Africa CDC’s criteria.

“In Lesotho, we have reported localised outbreaks and increased vulnerability in certain districts. We aim to understand the entomological profile of malaria to inform our national elimination strategies,” said Mr Khotso Mahomo, International Health Regulations Manager at Lesotho’s Ministry of Health.

In Namibia, the Ministry of Health and Social Services reported 5,898 confirmed malaria cases between December 2024 and January 2025, including 840 hospitalisations and 28 deaths. Of these, 3,493 were locally transmitted and 2,496 were imported.

“This research will help identify emerging drivers of transmission and social determinants of severe disease,” said Dr Iyaloo Mwaningange, Deputy Director of the Epidemiology Division, Ministry of Health and Social Services, Namibia. “It will also highlight operational challenges encountered during outbreak response and inform targeted interventions.”

Zimbabwe, meanwhile, reported a 180% surge in cumulative malaria cases between Week 1 and Week 17 of 2025 — rising from 21,309 cases in 2024 to 59,647 in 2025. Malaria-related deaths increased by 218%, from 45 in 2024 to 143 in 2025, with Mashonaland Central, Manicaland and Mashonaland West accounting for over 80% of cases.

“This operational research will generate actionable evidence for optimising vector control operations, updating policy, reinforcing health system delivery, and informing cross-border initiatives,” said Professor Nicholas Midzi, Director of the National Public Health Institute of Zimbabwe.

The study will also evaluate integrated indoor residual spraying and antimalarial mass treatment strategies, as well as supply-chain effectiveness and the roles of community health workers, to inform future policy and decision-making.

The research is expected to yield evidence-based recommendations to strengthen malaria surveillance, outbreak response and case management, while enhancing regional capacity for malaria elimination in the three countries.

 

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Health Authorities Confirm The Outbreak Of Marburg virus disease (MVD) In Ethiopia

The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) has acknowledged the outbreak of Marburg virus disease (MVD)  in Ethiopia. Marburg virus disease was confirmed by the Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia and the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI). 

This was contained in a press release by Africa CDC. The statement read, “As of 14 November 2025, Marburg virus disease (MVD) has been confirmed by the National Reference Laboratory.Further epidemiological investigations and laboratory analyses are underway, and the virus strain detected shows similarities to those previously identified in East Africa.

“The initial alert of a suspected viral haemorrhagic fever was shared with Africa CDC on 12 November 2025.

“The Federal Ministry of Health, EPHI, and regional health authorities have activated response measures, including enhanced surveillance, field investigations, strengthened infection prevention and control, and community engagement efforts.” 

What Is Marburg virus disease (MVD) 

Marburg virus disease (MVD), formerly known as Marburg Hemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. The Marburg virus is transmitted to people from fruit bats and spreads among humans through human-to-human transmission. It causes severe viral hemorrhagic fever in humans. The case-fatality rate for Marburg hemorrhagic fever is between 23 to 90%. Outbreaks and sporadic cases have been reported in Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, and South Africa (in a person with a recent travel history to Zimbabwe).

The incubation period of MVD is from 2 to 9 days. Transmission does not occur during the incubation period. The transmission of the virus from person to person requires extremely close contact with a patient. Infection results from contact with blood or other body fluids (faeces, vomitus, urine, saliva, and respiratory secretions) with high virus concentration, especially when these fluids contain blood. Transmission via infected semen can occur up to seven weeks after clinical recovery.

The symptom onset is sudden and marked by fever, chills, headache, and myalgia. Around the fifth day after the onset of symptoms, a maculopapular rash, most prominent on the trunk (chest, back, stomach), may occur. Nausea, vomiting, chest pain, a sore throat, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may then appear. Symptoms become increasingly severe and can include jaundice, inflammation of the pancreas, severe weight loss, delirium, shock, liver failure, massive hemorrhaging, and multi-organ dysfunction.

The Treatment Of Marburg virus disease (MVD) 

There is no specific treatment for Marburg hemorrhagic fever. Early supportive care with rehydration, symptomatic treatment improves survival. There is as yet no licensed treatment proven to neutralize the virus but a range of blood, immunological and drug therapies are under development.

Preventive measures against Marburg virus infection are not well defined, as transmission from wildlife to humans remains an area of ongoing research. However, avoiding fruit bats, and sick non-human primates in central Africa, is one way to protect against infection. Measures for prevention of secondary, or person-to-person, transmission are similar to those used for other hemorrhagic fevers. If a patient is either suspected or confirmed to have Marburg hemorrhagic fever, barrier nursing techniques should be used to prevent direct physical contact with the patient.

 

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Why Nigeria Natural Health Online Is Rebranding To Natural Health Africa - Management

The management of Kimekwu Communications Concept, operators of Nigeria Natural Health Online, has explained why the company is rebranding into Natural Health Africa.

In a press release signed by its CEO, Mr Dumbiri Frank Eboh, the company stated that the rebranding exercise was inevitable as most of the teeming readership base of the online platform cuts across African cities, while also adding that there was a growing demand for a more continental approach to the company’s operations in terms of connecting manufacturers of natural health products within and outside Africa to local distributors across the continent.

“Anyone watching the trajectory and growth of www.kimekwu.com will agree that this rebranding is inevitable. Currently, the readership base of the platform is well over half a million and this is a readership base that cuts across African cities. It is only natural that the platform expands its operations to meet the needs of these readers anywhere they are across the continent.

“Secondly, there has been a growing demand by readers, for networking opportunities among manufacturers and distributors of natural health products within Africa as well as oversea manufacturers looking to striking business partnerships with local suppliers and distributors in the continent.

“As a result of these, the company decided to expand the scope of its operations in order to meet the needs of these growing market and industry demands. Now, it’s not just about publishing articles on natural health, it’s also about marketing and connecting sellers and buyers of natural health products in the continent and thus help in evolving a more vibrant and accessible continental market,” Mr Eboh stated, adding that this repositioning will also go a long way in providing cost effective and impactful marketing/advertising services  for foreign manufacturers wanting to push their products into the African market.

“As a manufacturer of natural health products who wants to connect to the African market, now you do not have to go from one country to another in order to market and advertise your products. All you do is place your advert on Natural Health Africa www.kimekwu.com and your campaign is effectively delivered to your target audience, with visible and impactful results on your brand and products,” he stated. 

Kimekwu Communications Concept flagged off its media operations in 2008 with AlternativeHealth And Lifestyles, a paper publication and later transited into Nigeria Natural Health Online before its current rebranding into Natural Health Africa. The platform has been referred to in the media, as Africa’s biggest platform on natural health; in 2017, it won the Fitness And Health Blog Award Of The Year, organised by CouponCode, an online rating agency based in the Netherlands. The platform has also partnered with several foreign manufacturers of natural health products to promote and market their products in the Nigerian market, including the prestigious Nature Herbal Life, an American based company manufacturing Bitter Leaf Capsules and other herbal products.

The company believes its current expansion across Africa, anchored on its strong and diverse continental readership base, will lead to more successful partnerships with these foreign manufacturers, especially those from Asia, Europe, and the United States. 

 

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Managing Stress During Pregnancy

When you are pregnant, there are days when you may cycle through every possible emotion. And one of the most common feelings that many expecting mothers tend to experience throughout their pregnancy is stress—stress about the baby, stress about the body, stress about preparing for the baby’s arrival, stress about life changes—you name it.

While it’s normal to experience these emotions, periods of prolonged or severe stress during your pregnancy isn’t good for you—OR your baby. In fact, high levels of constant stress can even make pregnancy symptoms worse (like trouble sleeping, body aches, etc.)—or contribute to larger issues like depression, problems with weight (gaining too much or not enough) or even high blood pressure. Finding ways to manage stress is important for any mother-to-be. Here are some ways you can reduce stress during pregnancy. 

Focus On Your Breath

Deep breaths help us get extra oxygen into our body, which in turn helps our muscles, body and brain feel relaxed. But how often do we truly focus on our breathing? Meditation is a great thing to try (there are several apps available that can teach you how), or simply sit calmly and take long, belly-filling breaths in through your nose, then slowly out through your nose or mouth. 

Prioritize Rest

While some pregnant ladies fall asleep at the drop of a hat (especially during the first trimester), sleep doesn’t always come as easily as pregnancy progresses. Your body is going through a lot (you know, the whole growing a human thing), and not getting enough rest can elevate levels of stress. Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep a night, and plan for a bedtime that helps you hit that goal. A calming bedtime ritual might help you quiet your mind before you go to sleep—some suggest a warm (not hot!) bath, a cup of herbal caffeine-free tea, calming music, and  little to no screen time. If you are struggling with getting enough sleep, speak to your healthcare provider about additional suggestions.

Move Your Body

Not only is incorporating some movement into your daily activities good for your body, it’s good for your mind, too. Exercise releases chemicals in the body called endorphins, which can improve your mood and even relieve symptoms of depression and anxiety. And don’t let the idea of “working out” intimidate or limit you—just heading outside for a walk is a great way to get your heart rate up. The fresh air and movement can help ease your mind and boost those endorphins. 

Eat Right

Eating right is all about balance. Growing a human is a lot of work and pregnancy cravings are so real. So, ensuring you get a good mix of healthy food and plenty of water is one of the best forms of self care. Don't be afraid to give yourself a treat once in a while—but remember that fueling your body with healthy choices will ensure you and baby are getting the nutrients you need to feel good and strong physically and mentally. And don't forget to take your prenatal vitamins.

Let It Out

Sometimes, just sharing your feelings or worries with someone else can take some of the weight off your shoulders. Talk to other pregnant or new mamas—they will be able to relate, and might even offer advice about what worked to relieve stress during their own pregnancies. You can also try writing out your thoughts—keeping a journal, making a list of the things you are grateful for, or writing to-do lists if there’s simply too much on your itinerary. All these can help calm your mind and lower your stress levels.

If your stress feels unmanageable or you’re worried about your own or your baby’s health,  speak to your healthcare provider. Losing sleep, lack of appetite or unhealthy behaviors means it’s time to get some help managing your stress.

Source: Lancaster HealthHub

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