Bitters Can Help Boost Immune System

Medical experts in Yenagoa, Bayelsa, have said that bitters could boost the immune system and regulate stomach acidity.
However, the experts advised manufactures to improve on the hygienic of production of such drugs and herbs.
A News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) correspondent who visited some shops yesterday in Yenagoa gathered that bitters were selling and consumed in most public places of drinking in the city.
Some of them include Action Bitter, washing and setting, baby-Oku, Skerewu, man-power, Swedish, Yoyo, Iguedo’s Gogo Cleanser as well as Chinese and India bitters.
Dr Luck Onuegbu, a gynaecologist in Ovom Community Health Centre, Yenagoa Local Government Area of Bayelsa, said that intake of bitter has nutritional value and it could also enhance fertility.
“Bitters are good to human body but we must be careful of what are being sold in the market this days; I know some bitters like Swedish and Yoyo, but with the influx of the unbranded ones today is worrisome.
“There are too many of them in the market but I can still remember Iguedo’s Gogo Cleanser and Yoyo bitters, they are good to human body.
“The mixture can regulate stomach acidity and manage blood sugar; it can also enhance fertility as well as combating inexplicable infertility in both man and woman.
“There is need to improve hygiene for production across the country and I must urge consumers to be using those that have been approved by the NAFDAC,” Onuegbu said.
Mrs Margret Owei, a Nutritionist, said that bitters or aromatic could also aid digestion, reduce digestive discomfort and actually improve the daily function of the digestive system.
According to Ogene, the herbal mixtures help to feed the micro-bacteria that becomes healthy intestinal flora and taking after a meal is actually a little better but can also be taken before a meal.
Mr Ken Omeka-agu, a consumer of bitters, said it had helped his body system to be functional and agile.
Omeka-agu said that he was not consuming the mixture because they were cheap, but because it was African’s herb that had been used by our fore-fathers.
“You cannot take roots, especially `Agbo’, out of the system because it has been in use by our fore-fathers for ages that is why they lived long and strong.
“Most white man’s medication is made from herbs, so what is the big deal about herbs, or Agbo? Bitters, especially Agbo can cure a lot of illness, we want the state and federal governments to promote the use of African’s root,” he said.
Mrs Mercy Olufemi, an Agbo seller, said that some other bitters were Alomo and Kasapreko (from Republic of Ghana), Ibile, Opa Eyin and man power.
Olufemi said that these bitters were very suggestive for libidinal efficacy for both man and woman.
“There are different kinds of bitters that can improve libido and help a man to be active with his spouse; bitters or bitter tonic are spirit-based tinctures made from herbs, barks and roots.
“Bitters are prepared according to secret recipes by several manufacturers using bitter herbs, leaves, fruits, seeds or roots and sometimes alcohol or sugar.
“Yes, we sell it, Agbo in measures, a cup can be sold between N20, N50 and N100 depending on the mixtures and ailment,” she said.

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Consumption of tiger nuts can prevent heart attack, constipation, diabetes – Expert nutritionist

A nutritional biochemist, Dr Ochuko Erukainure, last week Thursday said consumption of tiger nuts could prevent and help in the management of heart attack, constipation and diabetes.
Erukainure, a Senior Research Officer at the Federal Institute of Industrial Research (FIIRO), Oshodi, Lagos, said in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Lagos that the nuts contain high fibre.
He said that tiger nuts fibre helps the body by providing simple relief of constipation and also keeps the eater fuller longer and aids in weight loss.
Erukainure said that the fibre content was higher than other suggested sources of fibre such as oat bran, rice bran, peaches, cabbage, pears, apple, carrot and chia seeds.
Tiger nuts are not actually a nut, but a small tuber, which is high in fibre, protein and natural sugars.
Tiger nuts are very healthy which can help to prevent thrombosis and activate blood circulation and its very high fibre content combined with a delicious taste, make them ideal for healthy eating.
“Tiger nuts give a heating and drying action to the digestive system in general and this gives it the potency to alleviate flatulence,” he said.
According to him, tiger nuts are also high in calcium which is a bone building and growth supporting mineral.
He said that with only 100 grammes of tiger nuts, the body would get 13 to 17 per cent of daily recommended dose of magnesium.
“This mineral stays active in the body and participates in more than 300 biochemical reactions of our chemical.
“Tiger nuts are high in amino acids with arginine, while arginine has shown to aid in conditions that are caused or made worse by restricted blood vessels such as chest pain and erectile dysfunction.
“Tiger nuts are also rich in vitamin E and protect the eater from harmful free radicals which are responsible for the death of the body cells.
“Antioxidants help the body to protect itself from free radicals, molecules that have an unshared electron.
“The unshared electron can react with oxygen to form reactive oxygen species, which are damaging to our bodies.
“Vitamin E combined with high levels of oleic acid, two components of tiger nuts, has also been shown to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease,” the expert said.
He also said that the oil extracted from tiger nuts contains only 18 per cent saturated fat and 82 per cent unsaturated fats. (NAN)

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HIV/AIDS: A New Approach anchored on treatment-as-prevention

As the world prepares to mark 2016 World AIDS Day, scientists have applauded a new treatment approach which would prevent HIV globally, saying that there is proof that the therapy could work.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS plan to use the approach called ‘treatment as prevention’ to eliminate the global pandemic, which the WHO said will have occurred when only one person out of 1, 000 becomes infected each year.
The findings are published May 9 in the ‘Lancet Infectious Diseases.’
Also, a nearly two-decade analysis by researchers from University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and in Denmark, has yielded the first proof that the approach could work.
The human immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
HIV is a virus that gradually attacks the immune system, which is our body’s natural defence against illness. If a person becomes infected with HIV, they will find it harder to fight off infections and diseases.
The virus destroys a type of white blood cell called a T-helper cell and makes copies of itself inside them. T-helper cells are also referred to as CD4 cells. Reviewing Danish medical records, the researcher found that the treatment-as-prevention strategy has brought Denmark’s HIV epidemic to the brink of elimination.
The study found that in 2013, the country had only 1.4 new HIV infections per 1,000 men who have sex with men, Denmark’s major risk group.
“The Danes have done what nobody else in the world has been able to do,” said Sally Blower, the study’s senior author and the director of the Center for Biomedical Modeling at UCLA. “They have almost eliminated their HIV epidemic, and they have achieved this simply by providing treatment.”
The paper notes, how-ever, that the treatment programmes in Denmark are exceptional. “Treatment makes people less infectious,” said Justin Okano, the study’s lead author and a statistician in Blower’s research group.
“In Denmark, 98 per cent of patients take all of their HIV medications, which is why treatment as prevention has worked there. Unfortunately, adherence levels are nowhere near as high in other countries.”
According to the researchers, the findings are based on a sophisticated statistical analysis of data from the ongoing Danish HIV Cohort Study, which began in 1995.
That project, which tracks all Danish men who have sex with men, and who have been diagnosed with HIV, was established and is run by Jan Gerstoft and Niels Obel, clinicians and epidemiologists in Denmark, who also are co-authors of the new study.
A co-author of the study, Laurence Palk, said for the treatment-as-prevention approach to eliminate HIV epidemics throughout the world, all countries would need to emulate Denmark’s treatment programmes.
“Even in resource-rich countries, this would take a huge amount of money and effort,” she said. “The goal of elimination through treatment is aspirational, but Denmark has shown that at least, in resource-rich countries, it’s achievable.”

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Why Mouth Cancer Is On The Rise

Scientists have beamed their search light on oral cancers, saying rates of mouth cancers have risen by 68 per cent over the past 20 years. These are contained in data, from Cancer Research UK, which also blamed unhealthy lifestyles for the trend.
According to the statistics, mouth cancer is on the rise for men and women of all ages. “From 1993 to 1995, there were eight cases of mouth cancer per 100,000 people, rising to 13 cases per 100,000 people between 2012 and 2014.” Mouth cancer, also known as oral cancer, is where a tumour develops in the lining of the mouth.
It may be on the surface of the tongue, the insides of the cheeks, the roof of the mouth (palate), or the lips or gums. Tumours can also develop in the glands that produce saliva, the tonsils at the back of the mouth, and the part of the throat connecting the mouth to the windpipe (pharynx). However, these are less common.
However, for men under 50, the rate has jumped by 67 per cent. Twenty years ago, there were around 340 cases per year in this age group, rising to around 640 now. For men aged 50 and over, rates have increased by 59 per cent.
There were around 2,100 cases a year, now there are 4,400. While mouth cancer is more common in men, women are also affected and have seen a 71 per cent rise in rates over the past 20 years.
Cancer Research UK issued a warning over the figures, saying nine out of 10 cases are linked to unhealthy lifestyles, reported the ‘independentuk’. Smokers have a particularly high risk, while drinking alcohol, having a diet low in fruits and vegetables, and infection with the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) also play a part. Reacting to the development, Cancer Research UK’s senior health information manager, Jessica Kirby said:
“It’s worrying that oral cancer has become more common. It’s important to get to know your body and what’s normal for you, to help spot the disease as early as possible.
“An ulcer or sore in your mouth or tongue that won’t go away, a lump on your lip or in your mouth, a red or red and white patch in your mouth or an unexplained lump in your neck are all things to look out for.”

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How To Identify Plastic Rice In Nigerian Market

As the yuletide draws nearer and nearer and with the ban on imported rice still in force in Nigeria, reports are currently going round about plastic rice being smuggled into the country from China. In this article, an expert nutritionist gives an insight on how to recognize these poisonous and unhealthy brands of rice.

How do i identify plastic Rice in Nigeria? I heard so much news about some fake rice which are actually plastic rice which are illegally smuggled into the Nigerian market as real and edible rice for people to buy during Xmas which is gradually approaching. Plastic rice or fake rice is toxic and its really bad to the health.

That is why am using this medium to pass the information to some of my friends and readers who are illegally recently living in Nigeria to be very careful on the type of rice they eat. I am warning other Nigerians who love to eat rice to be very careful of what they are eating and i recommend they test some of this rice before buying or selling during Xmas.

What is plastic rice? plastic rice is fake rice produced in some part of the world to replace the high cost of expensive edible rice. Plastic rice is poisonous to the body, it does not digest, it contains plastic materials like phenyl group and it may cause death when in excess in the body. Effect of eating plastic rice or fake rice is that it is indigestible, it’s a polymer product that could lead to cancer, it may cause appendicitis and death. So to identify this fake or rubber rice, use the information below:

1. Cut with teeth; one of the best way to easily identify a plastic rice is to use your teeth to manually cut a grain of the rice you are about to buy or eat. When you cut or break a grain, it will show clearly if the grain is actually real or plastic. Polished natural rice break easily but plastic rice don't break so easily because it contains a polymer product.

2. Grind with mortar; you can also easily recognize or identify fake or plastic rice by taking few quantities of the sample rice, put it in a mortar and grind it. Real polished rice are broken and grind easily with mortal while plastic rice is synthetic and cannot be easily be grind into powder. This method will expose the real rice from the plastic rice at this Xmas period when the demand for rice is high not only in Nigeria but all over the world.

3. Test with Fire; one of the properties of plastics is that it melts when heated or exposed to fire. This method can also be used to test if rice is fake and plastic rice. You can just take few grains, burn it for few seconds, and if it melts it shows it’s a plastic rice but if doesn't melt, it’s a good rice. Some rice can be so packaged that you won’t know its fake or plastic rice but when you perform the fire test, you will get to know the truth instantly. 

4. Water test; you can also identify the plastic rice which has been smuggled into the Nigerian market simply by performing simple water test on the sample rice. We all know that rice is a solid and goes down when put into a container of water but when you buy rice and after pouring the rice in water, and its floats on top of the water then such rice is a plastic rice which is fake rice but when the rice sinks down, it’s the real rice.

5. Too Cheap: One of the reasons some Nigerians fall for scam or plastic rice is because they are gullible and they needed to buy things that are too cheap. For instance, someone called me to come and buy raw rice at $50 when I knew the cheapest rice in the market at this time recession in Nigeria is sold for over $100 which seems to be extremely cheap. I quickly called the person that I am not interested in such even if it’s a wholesale price. The Xmas season is here and many people might fall for plastic rice at slash price. So, you need to be careful about buying rice that are too cheap and some which are fake.

In conclusion, the points listed above are ways to identify plastic rice right now in Nigeria. You can easily identify these rice through the outrageous price on it, testing with water to see if it will floats, testing with fire if it will burn and using your teeth to break it to know if the rice will break.

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Lying On your Back When Heavily Prenant Can Lead To Stillbirth

Scientists have alerted the public on one of the factors driving child mortality, saying, heavily pregnant women who sleep on their backs could be at higher risk of having a still birth. These findings are published in the ‘Journal of Physiology’.
The study found that lying on the back leads unborn babies to adopt a more dormant or inactive state, possibly caused by receiving lower levels of oxygen. According to the study, “These lower oxygen levels cause the foetus to move “to a low oxygen consuming state”, while the baby’s heart rate is also affected”.
Hence, the study found that this sleeping position puts more stress on the unborn baby, causing it to reduce its oxygen intake and shedding more light on why some babies are lost late on in pregnancy. Still birth is typically defined as foetal death at or after 20 to 28 weeks of pregnancy.
It results in a baby born without signs of life. It was reported that earlier studies have shown the position mothers lie in affects their baby’s health but did not reveal how or why.
However, reacting to this development, Lead researcher in the new study, Professor Peter Stone, of the University of Auckland, New Zealand, said: “Our controlled study found that lying on your back can add extra stress to the baby, contributing to the risk of still birth.”
He noted that the risk is likely to be increased further in women with underlying health conditions. For the latest research, scientists examined 29 healthy pregnant women in the third trimester (the last three months of the pregnancy) and their unborn children.
All the women were between 35 and 38 weeks pregnant and were at low risk of complications. Each woman was asked to lie in one of four positions – lying flat, lying on their back but propped up by 30 degrees and lying on the left or right side – in a randomly allocated order.
She remained in each position with one pillow under her head for 30 minutes while researchers monitored heart rates and the activity level of the foetus. Researchers found that when women lay flat on their backs, it caused physiological stress to the baby.
In response, it switched to a sleep-like state of lower activity where it consumed less oxygen. Its heart rate was also affected. Babies in the womb were five times more likely to be in this state when mothers were lying flat than when they were lying on their left.
The study’s authors said: “Maternal position has a significant relationship with both foetal behavioural state as determined by features of foetal heart rate and its variability.
The supine position (lying face up) maybe disadvantageous for foetal well being and in compromised pregnancies may be a sufficient stressor to contribute to foetal demise.” All the women involved in the study went on to give birth to healthy babies.
Stone added: “We have only looked at the effect of maternal positions for a short period of time while the mother is awake. Further research is needed to see the effect of staying in certain maternal sleeping positions overnight.’
In its reaction, the Royal College of Midwives said the research showed “position is important” for women in their third trimester. Louise Silverton, the RCM’s director for midwifery, said:
‘We have known for a long time that blood pressure is reduced where a woman is lying on her back. Many women will say that they don’t lie on their backs as they feel “funny” when they do.
Women are advised not to sleep on their backs. Also, it is known that, when in labour, moving a woman to her left hand side may improve the foetal heart rate What this study shows that is different is, that even in the healthiest of women with a foetus with no known risk factors, position is important.

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High Fat Diets Injurious To Young Brains

A new scientific evidence has emerged to show that an excess of fatty foods could affect the brain development of the young, potentially leading to cognitive defects later in life.
These findings are published in the journal ‘Molecular Psychiatry’. Carried out by a team of researchers from ETH Zurich and the University of Zurich, Switzerland, the study looked at the difference in brains of young and adult mice who consumed either normal food or an extremely high-fat diet, which contained excessively high levels of saturated fats, commonly found in fast foods, charcuterie products, butter and coconut oil.
A low-carb diet means you eat fewer carbohydrates and a higher proportion of fat. This is often called a lowcarb, high-fat diet (LCHF). Most importantly, you minimise your intake of sugar and starches.
It was reported that after a period of just four weeks, the study team observed the first signs of cognitive impairment in the young mice fed the highfat diet, which could be seen even before the mice had started to gain weight.
The same changes in the behaviour of mature mice that had been fed a highfat diet over an extended period were not seen, although they suffered from other health problems as their metabolic systems were severely disrupted and they became obese.
However, Urs Meyer, one of the study’s authors, pointed out that, “this does not rule out the possibility that a high-fat diet may also be harmful for the brains of adult mice.”
A person’s age when the fatty foods are consumed is particularly important as high-fat foods tend to have an even stronger negative impact on the maturation of the prefrontal cortex during the period of late childhood to early adulthood.
This part of the brain takes longer to mature than others, leaving it more vulnerable to negative environmental experiences such as stress, infections and trauma, and as seen in the study, possibly a poor diet.
As it is responsible for the executive functions of the human brain including memory, planning, attention, impulse control and social behaviour, if it not functioning correctly or damaged in any way, it can lead to cognitive deficits and personality changes such as a loss of inhibitions, aggressiveness, or childish or compulsive behaviour.

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AIDS: Older Men Now At Risk Of Drug Resistance

The United Nations has issued a report revealing that older persons on AIDS treatment are developing resistance and requiring treatment for other illnesses such as tuberculosis, TB, and hepatitis.
This development was contained in a new report issued by UNAIDS yesterday, as part of activities to mark the 2016 World AIDS Day. Although, more than 18 million people now have access to life-saving AIDS treatment, 1.2 million more than at the end of last year, the UNAIDS stated: “As people with HIV grow older, they are at risk of developing longterm side-effects from HIV treatment, developing drug resistance and requiring treatment for other illnesses such as tuberculosis and Hepatitis C."
In the report on the AIDS pandemic, which has infected 78 million people and killed 35 million since it began in the 1980s, UNAIDS said the consistently strong scale-up of treatment has seen annual AIDS-related deaths drop by 45 per cent to 1.1 million in 2015 from a peak of about two million in 2005.
The report also cited data from South Africa showing that young women who become infected with HIV often catch the virus from older men. However, it said prevention was vital to ending the epidemic in young women and the cycle of HIV infection needs to be broken.
Reacting to the development, Executive Director of UNAIDS, Michel Sidibe said: “Young women are facing a triple threat. They  are at high risk of HIV infection, have low rates of HIV testing, and have poor adherence to treatment.” But, as more HIV-positive people live longer, the challenges of caring for them as they get older, of preventing the virus spreading and of reducing new infections are tough, UNAIDS said, even though drugs can reduce virus levels in a patient’s blood to near zero and significantly reduce the risk of passing it on.
“The progress we have made is remarkable, particularly around treatment, but it is also incredibly fragile,” said Sidibe.
With detailed data showing some of the many complexities of the HIV epidemic, the report found that people are particularly vulnerable to HIV at certain points in their lives. It called for “life-cycle” approach to offer help and prevention measures for everyone at every stage of life.
In 2015, there were 5.8 million people aged over 50 living with HIV – more than ever before. UNAIDS said that if treatment targets are reached – the U.N. is aiming to have 30 million HIV positive people on treatment by 2020 – that number will soar.

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Why Men Die Earlier Than Women

An insight has been given as to why men die earlier than women. In their efforts to boost the life expectancy of men, scientists have found that working long hours and reducing hours of sleep in midlife may lead to poorer physical health in old age. This is the findings of a new study published in the journal ‘Age and Ageing’.
The quarter-century study of Finnish businessmen found those who worked more than 50 hours a week and slept less than 47 hours weekly when they were middle aged were in worse physical health as old men than peers who had healthier work and sleep habits when they were in their prime.
Reacting to the study, Lead Author, Mikaela Birgitta von Bonsdorff of the University of Jyvaskyla in Finland, said: “The results are in line with what we hypothesised but we were not sure if we would be able to detect these longterm associations."
The ‘NewsmaxHealth’ reported that the researchers used data from the Helsinki Businessmen Study to follow the health outcomes for more than 3,000 white men born between 1919 and 1934.
About 1,500 of the men had provided clinical characteristics of health, self-rated health, working hours and sleep duration in 1974 when they were in their mid to late 40s, on average, and completed health related quality of life surveys in the year 2000, when most were in their 60s and 70s.
During their working years, nearly half of the original group of men had what researchers considered normal working hours of less than 50 hours per week and 352 men worked more than 50 hours a week.
Similar proportions of men had normal sleep of at least 47 hours per week, versus shorter sleep totals. Researchers found that men with long work and short sleep or long work and normal sleep in midlife had poorer scores for physical functioning, vitality and general health than those with normal work and normal sleep.
Midlife smoking and self-rated poor health at that time explained some of the association with the results at older age, but not all.

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How To Manage Blood Pressure Naturally

Worried at the high burden of High blood pressure, which affected more than one billion people worldwide in 2015, scientists have alerted the public on natural methods of tackling the condition.
Managing this condition naturally has become necessary considering the fact that high blood pressure is a silent killer. Many people don’t realize they have it until it’s too late. High blood pressure (HBP or hypertension) is when your blood pressure, the force of the blood flowing through your blood vessels, is consistently too high. A heart attack brought on by high blood pressure can occur without any warning signs or symptoms.
That’s why it’s important to learn about natural ways to lower blood pressure. According to a new study published in ‘The Lancet’, in a healthy person, blood pressure can rise and fall throughout the day. When blood pressure stays high for a long period of time, this leads to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke and heart attacks.
Majit Ezzati, a professor of global environmental health at Imperial College London, who led the analysis, said globally, blood pressure is a condition of poverty, not affluence.
Besides, in the high-income world blood pressure rates were coming down despite the ageing and increasing population, Ezzati said, adding, in the population in Asia, as the age goes up, the blood pressure tends to be higher.”
Among natural methods recommended to lower high blood pressure are: get moving; reducing salt intake; and adopting a diet that include more fruits and vegetables. Many of those who suffer from high blood pressure turn to medication, but this is simply an approach that doesn’t address the root of the problem.
“A much healthier alternative is to use diet and exercise to maintain normal blood pressure levels,” the study shows. Consistent exercise strengthens the heart and enables it to pump more blood with less effort.
When the heart works less, the pressure on the arteries decreases and blood pressure is lowered. It could take up to a few months of consistent exercise to bring blood pressure down to healthy levels.
However, you have got to keep exercising several days a week or blood pressure levels can shoot right back up. Exercise brings with it another perk that helps maintain a healthy heart and lower blood pressure — getting rid of excess weight. But just because you’re exercising doesn’t mean you can eat anything you want and not suffer the consequences.
A hearthealthy diet is just as important as exercise to avoid the dangers of high blood pressure.

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GMO Foods: Nigeria Academy Of Science Gives Endorsement Amidst Uncertainty

The Nigerian Academy of Science (NAS) has declared that genetically-modified foods are safe for consumption for now.This was against the warning by the National Biosafety Management Agency (NBMA) to the public to be wary of the products that are on sale in some stores. It said none of the products had been approved for local consumption. NAS, during a media roundtable on GMOs in Nigeria at its office in Lagos, said the country was ready for the products and that they were safe for both production and beneficial to the nation based on carefully-documented evidence from developed countries.
The academy noted that the technology, though new with expected fears and concerns, would be useful to the country because of its potential to boost the nation’s agriculture, which would resolve food insecurity.
The outgoing president of NAS, Prof. Oyewale Tomori, said though the technology seems fresh, but nothing is new with it, as the academy, in accordance with its mandate, has examined available evidence from researches in advanced countries.
According to him, the academy’s stance was informed by existing evidence from the industrialised countries, which have carefully followed laid-down principles for such activities, “but in Nigeria, the system has just been put in place, and we need to prepare for the future.”
Tomori, who noted that there were no forecasts of long-term effect, stressed: “We cannot predict the future and what is going to happen with these GMOs, but so far so good, there are no problem from where they have been used; but that does not mean that it is going to be good forever. We must be on the alert to know when changes are coming up.”
Besides, a professor of plant breeding and crop biotechnology with the Department of Genetic and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, Effiom Ene-Obong, who said there were no scientific evidence that agree with the raised health concerns of GMOs worldwide, “as they are safe for both production and consumption.”
He noted that though genetically-modified foods are not commercially produced in Nigeria yet, three quarters of countries in the world are keyed into them and as a new technology, fears being entertained are expected, “but rather the benefits outweigh the worries”
Ene-Obong added: “Before these products are sent into the market, lots of trials and investigations are done by so many agencies, such as the Academy of Sciences Worldwide, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), World Health Organisation (WHO), to monitor and make sure they are safe for human consumption and they have recommended.”

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75,000 Children In Northern Nigeria To Die In A Few Weeks Unless...United Nations

The lives of children in the northern part of Nigeria are currently hanging in the balance as the United Nations, yesterday, warned that  75,000 children risk dying in "a few months" as hunger grips the country's ravaged north-east in the wake of the Boko Haram insurgency.
Boko Haram jihadists have laid waste to the impoverished region since taking up arms against the government in 2009, displacing millions and disrupting farming and trade.
Nigeria's president, Muhammadu Buhari, has reclaimed territory from the Islamists but the insurgency has taken a brutal toll, with more than 20,000 people dead, 2.6 million displaced, and famine taking root.
UN humanitarian coordinator Peter Lundberg said the crisis was unfolding at "high speed".
"Our assessment is that 14 million people are identified as in need of humanitarian assistance" by 2017, Lundberg said in the Nigerian capital, Abuja.
Of these, 400,000 children are in critical need of assistance, while 75,000 could die "in the few months ahead of us", Lundberg said.
The UN hopes to target half of the 14 million people - a population bigger than that of Belgium - with the Nigerian government working to reach the rest.
But Lundberg said the UN did not have enough money to avert the crisis and called on international partners, the private sector and Nigerian philanthropists to "join hands" to tackle the problem.
"We need to reach out to the private sector, to the philanthropists in Nigeria," Lundberg said.
"We will ask international partners to step in because we can only solve this situation if we actually join hands."

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Malnutrition Looms In Nigeria - Buhari

Malnutrition due to scarcity of food, may soon be the lot of Nigerians if news reaching Nigeria natural Health Online is anything to go by.

The Presidency has raised the alarm that Nigeria, currently Africa's largest producer of cereals and grains, risks famine from early next year following a huge demand in the global market targeting the nation's surplus production.

The Senior Special Assistant to President Muhammadu Buhari on Media and Publicity, Mallam Garba Shehu, said this while featuring on radio program in Kano yesterday.

The presidential aide told Pyramid Radio that the huge demand for Nigeria's grains in the global market was creating "an excellent environment for the mindless export of Nigerian grains across our borders and unless this curtailed, Nigerian markets will be bereft of food by January next year."

He noted that the Ministry of Agriculture had advised Buhari on the need to draw the attention of all Nigerians to this issue "which, if not addressed promptly, could lead to a shortage of grains in our country by January."

Shehu stated: "Over the past year, Providence has blessed Nigeria with a bountiful harvest of grains, more than enough to feed the country and to export to other countries. At present, there is a high demand for grains from Nigeria, from African countries as distant as Libya and Algeria, and from places as far away as Brazil.

"However, the Ministry of Agriculture has raised concerns about a massive rate of exportation, which could lead to a shortage of grains in Nigeria by January."

Shehu, who said Nigeria currently enjoys what he called a free market situation, stressed that "President Muhammadu Buhari is not in any way opposed to or intent on tampering with that."

He said exporters, on the other hand, also have a moral obligation to make their produce available to Nigerians who live within the country’s borders "to ensure that our citizens have access to food."

According to him, the Ministry of agriculture estimates that no fewer than 500 trucks laden with grain leave Nigerian markets every week headed for countries outside the borders.

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Exercise Can Help Control Diabetes

As Nigeria joins the rest of the international community to mark the World Diabetes Day, the Minister of Health, Prof. Isaac Adewole, has said that healthy lifestyle which involves balanced diet and regular exercise can control diabetes.
The Minister made this revelation yesterday in his message to Nigerians on World Diabetes Day. The United Nations sets aside November 14 of every year as Word Diabetes Day.
Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body’s cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both.
The International Diabetes Federation, IDF, estimates that about 415 million people have diabetes in the world and more than 14 million people in the African region; by 2040 this figure will more than double. In Nigeria alone, the IDF data shows that there were more than 1.56 million cases of diabetes in Nigeria in 2015.
Adewole said that Federal Government was committed to increasing awareness on Diabetes and how to control it. He said:“Federal Government is committed to stepping up advocacy to create awareness that diabetes is preventable if people change their life style.
When you watch what you eat, when you exercise regularly, you can definitely stay away from diabetes, but in case you discovered that you have it, you can manage it.”
The Minister urged the general public to enrol with the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) as such would reduce the cost any medication. Adewole also encouraged members of the public to go for diabetics screening to know their status.
He further stressed that diabetes is preventable and can only be prevented through healthy lifestyle. According to the United States, U.S. Centre for Disease Control, CDC, the prevalent of diabetes among blacks is particularly high.
For instance, blacks are 1.7 times as likely to develop diabetes as whites. Besides, the prevalence of diabetes among blacks has quadrupled during the past 30 years.
Among blacks age 20 and older, about 2.3 million have diabetes – 10.8 per cent of that age group. Furthermore, blacks with diabetes are more likely than non-Hispanic whites to develop diabetes and to experience greater disability from diabetesrelated complications such as amputations, adult blindness, kidney failure, and increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
Similarly, death rates for blacks with diabetes are 27 per cent higher than for whites.

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Daily Soda Consumption Increases Type 2 Diabetes Risk

Scientists have raised the alarm over the negative impact of sugary soda on health, saying drinking a can of sugary soda can dramatically heighten a person’s risk of developing prediabetes.
The new findings is published in the ‘Journal of Nutrition’. Prediabetes is a ‘warning sign’ condition that precedes full-blown type 2 diabetes, a long term metabolic disorder that is characterised by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.
Senior Researcher, Nicola McKeown, who is a scientist with the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Centre on Agieng at Tufts University in Boston, said: “A person who drinks a daily can of sugar-sweetened beverage has a 46 per cent increased risk of developing pre-diabetes. However, a can of diet soda every day does not boost pre-diabetes risk, the researchers found. The results show how regular sugar intake can batter a person’s body on a cellular level,” McKeown said.
The ‘NewsmaxHealth’ reported that cells require the hormone insulin to break down sugar into energy. But too much sugar in the diet can overexpose the cells to insulin. McKeown said:
“This constant spike in blood glucose over time leads to the cells not becoming able to properly respond, and that’s the beginning of insulin resistance.”
Once insulin resistance starts, blood sugar levels rise to levels that are damaging to every major system in the body. Pre-diabetes is an important landmark on the way to type 2 diabetes, McKeown said. It means a person has elevated blood sugar — a sign of increasing insulin resistance — but has not entered fullblown type 2 diabetes.
However, she asserted that prediabetes is reversible if a person cuts back on sugar. Sugar-sweetened beverages are the leading source of added sugar in the American diet as well as diets of most countries around the world including Nigeria.
These results show cutting back on sugary drinks is “a modifiable dietary factor that could have an impact on that progression from pre-diabetes to diabetes,” McKeown said.
For this study, McKeown and her colleagues analysed 14 years of data on nearly 1,700 middleaged adults. The information was obtained from the Framingham Heart Study, a federally funded program that has monitored multiple generations for lifestyle and clinical characteristics that contribute to heart disease.
Participants did not have diabetes or prediabetes when they entered the study. They self-reported their consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and diet sodas.
The research team found those who drank the highest amounts of sugarsweetened beverages — six 12-ounce servings a week, on average — had a 46 per cent higher risk of prediabetes, if researchers didn’t weigh other factors.
However, the American Beverage Association counters that sugar in beverages isn’t the sole risk factor for prediabetes.

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5000 Daily HIV Screening For Calabar Carnival

The United Nations Population Fund, UNPF, has put plans in place to screen 5,000 persons daily for HIV/AIDS, during the Calabar Carnival. The Programme Officer of UNPF in Nigeria, Mr. Araoyinbo Idowu, disclosed this to newsmen at the  weekend. Idowu said that UNPF will conduct the tests in collaboration with an NGO, Excellence Community Education Welfare Scheme, ECEWS. He said the fund will organise an awareness campaign tagged Wise Up Cross River, on a daily basis throughout the one month carnival. 
According to Idowu, “there are going to be some demonstrations by youths and various stakeholders during the HIV/AIDS awareness campaign. In the course of the campaign, there will be various activities including one-on-one counselling, music, graphic designs, tattoo inscription and games. Also, many young volunteers and other stakeholders will be on stage to entertain people each day at the condom zone.” 
The Programme Officer said that the campaign was aimed at sensitizing youths on the dangers of HIV/AIDS and the need for safe sex. He said the programme will also bring together commercial sex workers, student organisations and those already living with the virus, to exchange knowledge on the disease. According to him, the organisation would mobilise youths from the 18 local government areas in the state to participate in the programme. 
Idowu also said that condoms would be distributed free during the month-long campaign. He added that UNPF decided to bring the campaign to the carnival because of its popularity and mass participation.

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Electric implant could end agony of Arthritis

A tiny electronic implant could end the agony of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) for hundreds of thousands of sufferers. According to findings of a new study which was published in the ‘New England Journal of Medicine’, the pacemaker-like micro-regulator device, which is fitted under the skin near the collarbone, sends electrical pulses to a key nerve that helps block the pain of inflamed joints. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system – which normally protects its health by attacking foreign substances like bacteria and viruses – mistakenly attacks the joints.
That inflammation from RA causes redness, warmth, swelling, and pain within the joint and affects joints on both sides of the body, such as both hands, both wrists, or both knees. The mailonline reported that the development of this device, lends hope to millions globally who suffer from RA.
The debilitating disease is caused by the body’s own immune system attacking joint tissue, causing inflammation, stiffness, and fatigue. If left untreated, joints can lose shape and alignment and nearby cartilage and bone can be damaged, leading to permanent disability. Currently, patients typically take a cocktail of powerful drugs to dampen the immune system.
People who use them are more likely to become ill from infections such as pneumonia. But experts have found that using electrical pulses to stimulate the vagus nerve can have a similar effect without the side effects. The vagus sends signals from the brain to key organs such as the spleen, triggering a decrease in the production of proteins called cytokines that help control the immune system and can cause inflammation. Scientists said that resulted in reduced swelling in joints and a decrease in joint pain and damage in people with rheumatoid arthritis.
Scientists behind the device, now being tested in the Netherlands, hope it would be available in the United Kingdom (UK) by 2020. One patient who took part in a pilot study said it was so successful it felt as if she did not have the disease any more. She said: “I have my life back, like before I got arthritis.”

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Immunotherapy Can Help HIV Patients

Immunotherapy has been considered potentially promising for many different kinds of cancers, and now there is fresh hope that the same method could be used to treat or functionally cure HIV.
These are the findings of a study published in the ‘New England Journal of Medicine’. Immunotherapy, also called biologic therapy, is a type of cancer treatment designed to boost the body’s natural defences to fight cancer. It uses substances either made by the body or in a laboratory to improve or restore immune system function.
They said during the clinical, The United States, U.S., researchers said they examined a total of 24 chronically HIVinfected participants in clinical trials conducted at the University of Pennsylvania (Penn), the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Reacting to the development, Senior Author, Pablo Tebas, who is director of the AIDS Clinical Trials Unit at Penn, said they found injections of one broadly neutralising HIV antibody (bNAb), known as VRC01, were safe.
He said it generated high levels of the antibody and modestly delayed the time of HIV viral rebound, but suppression did not surpass eight weeks in the majority of participants. Tebas said the study only looked at one antibody and they believe combinations of more potent bNAbs may help successfully control the AIDS virus.
“As a result, this method marks a first step toward the ultimate goal of durable suppression of HIV in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. For the near future, it is unlikely that we will be able to fully eradicate HIV once a person has been infected. But a functional cure is a reasonable intermediate goal,” he said.
Tebas said a functional HIV cure means that while the virus would still exist in a person’s body in extremely small amounts, virus replication would be durably suppressed, disease progression drastically slowed, and symptoms of infection stopped all without the need for daily medications.
He stressed that the goal of immunotherapy is to eliminate the need to take a pill every single day while simultaneously chipping away at the latent reservoir of virusinfected cells.
He, however, stressed that scientists are still years away from that goal. “If a person is able to be functionally cured of HIV, long-term follow-up will be essential to ensure that the virus doesn’t return to high levels.’’ Tebas said it was noted that many participants were also found to have

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